By : Lamiaa Moustafa Elbosaty
Dementia with Lewy Bodies: Is the third most frequent cause of dementia, unlike Alzheimer's disease, it is more likely to be seen in men than women (Knopman, et al., 2003). Like Alzheimer's disease pathology (neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques) it is a common concomitant finding in about 66% of dementia with Lewy bodies cases. It is a heterogeneous disorder characterized pathologically by neuronal loss and the presence of Lewy bodies in the cerebral cortex. There is some neuropathological evidences which suggest that visual hallucinations are associated with the quantity of Lewy bodies in the temporal lobes (Morris, 2005).
v Clinical presentation:
The criteria for dementia with Lewy bodies are a progressive dementia accompanied by at least two of the following: Parkinsonian signs, a fluctuating course, and prominent visual hallucinations. Other clinical symptoms include frequent unexplained falls, delusions (misidentifications and paranoid delusions), and auditory or olfactory hallucinations, behavioral changes, depression, apathy, anxiety and irritability (Knopman et al., 2003). There are also fluctuations and delirium, presence of fluctuations of daytime drowsiness, daytime sleep of 2 hours or more, periods of disorganized speech, flow of ideas, and long period of starting into space (Ferman et al., 2004).
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