Monday, September 20, 2010

INTRODUCTION

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INTRODUCTION
By : Lamiaa Moustafa Elbosaty

Dementia is an umbrella term, when we hear that someone is diagnosed with dementia there is more to the story as a patient, family person, and the type of dementia. Each disease under the umbrella has different courses of illness, different symptoms and different challenges. The drugs' treatment and interventions may be different as well (Cooper, et al., 2007). Dementia is frequently associated with the elderly, and is often incorrectly assumed to be a part of the aging process. Actually, many elderly people retain their intellectual functioning into their eighties and nineties. Dementia becomes a public health issue facing the whole world in the next decades (Brierley, 2008).
 The number of persons with dementia was estimated at about 25 million persons worldwide (about 0.5% of the whole worldwide population), of which 59% were females, 52% live in less developed countries. The number of new cases of dementia in 2000 was estimated to be 4.6 million, and it is forecasted that by 2030, 63 million people will suffer from dementia. More than 5 million American are estimated to have dementia. In Europe there are 7.2 million persons have dementia and it will be 16.5 in 2050. In Africa, there are 1.3 million and it will be 6.3 million in 2050, while in the Arab world there are 1.5 million person suffering from dementia. In Egypt, there are about one million cases and it is expected to continue to increase in the coming decades (Ashour,2007). Significant cost implications related to dementia include an estimated $148 billion annually direct (Medicare/Medicaid) and indirect (e.g., caregiver lost wages and out-of-pocket expenses, decreased business productivity) costs (Alzheimer's Association, 2008).

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